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In mass spectroscopy, amines undergo fragmentation to give parent ions with odd molecule weights. This observed mass spectrum follows the nitrogen rule: a molecule with an odd number of nitrogen atoms produces a parent ion with an odd molecular weight. The remaining fragments have an even mass.

Amines undergo fragmentation through α cleavage, producing nitrogen-containing cations—iminium ions—and alkyl radicals. Mass spectra of aromatic and cyclic aliphatic amines exhibit strong molecular ion peaks, but acyclic aliphatic amines show weaker molecular ion peaks.

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Mass SpectrometryAminesFragmentationParent IonsOdd Molecular WeightNitrogen RuleNitrogen containing CationsIminium IonsAlkyl RadicalsMolecular Ion PeaksAromatic AminesCyclic Aliphatic AminesAcyclic Aliphatic Amines

Aus Kapitel 19:

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19.11 : Mass Spectrometry of Amines

Amines

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19.1 : Amines: Introduction

Amines

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19.2 : Nomenclature of Primary Amines

Amines

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19.3 : Nomenclature of Secondary and Tertiary Amines

Amines

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19.4 : Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines

Amines

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19.5 : Structure of Amines

Amines

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19.6 : Physical Properties of Amines

Amines

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19.7 : Basicity of Aliphatic Amines

Amines

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19.8 : Basicity of Aromatic Amines

Amines

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19.9 : Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines

Amines

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19.10 : NMR Spectroscopy Of Amines

Amines

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19.12 : Preparation of Amines: Alkylation of Ammonia and Amines

Amines

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19.13 : Preparation of 1° Amines: Azide Synthesis

Amines

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19.14 : Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis

Amines

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19.15 : Preparation of Amines: Reduction of Oximes and Nitro Compounds

Amines

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